Recently scientists have found that the wind emitted by quasars, the most powerful "lamps" in the Universe, too, may subside. And this is because gas clouds, about existing active centers of quasars, like everything else, quietly runs out and give of their substance. When all it flies away in the nearby space, the wind ceased.

More than half a century astronomers study quasars. The first one was opened in 1950 by the radio astronomy group Alan Candidum and Thomas Matthews during radiobar the sky. The name originates from the English words: quasi-star radio-emitting object. The most expressive feature of quasars is their high luminosity: they burn bright beacon in the dark ocean of the Universe, very far from us. This is the most remote brightest "luminaries" in the Universe.

One of the closest and the most bright quasar 3C 273 has a brightness of about 13m and redshift z = 0,158 (corresponding to a distance of about 3 billion light years). Distant from them, thanks to its huge luminosity in the radiation that exceeds hundreds of times the luminosity of the surrounding galaxies, are recorded by radio telescopes: the distances to these exceed 12 billion light years. Thus, according to July 2011, monstrous us a distance of 13 billion light-years recorded the most distant quasar. We with the help of instruments adopted by their radiation, which is emitted by them billions of years ago and as it revives long proteccao reality.

It should be noted that these objects are very different and they run away from us, with enormous red shifts exceeding the value of z is equal to 7. Angular dimensions enormous "fixtures" because of their extreme remoteness are only about 10 seconds, and their real dimensions and energy monstrous processes just surpass human imagination!

Quasars are very different, and their number increases every year, with the improvement of observations. In the 80-ies Hewitt, Burbridge made in your directory 3594 quasar, and now we are talking about hundreds of thousands of such objects, with the most diverse. They all have horrible luminosity in one second quasars generate energy in a trillion times more than our Sun, that is millions of times more than the biggest stars of the giants! The emission of these "titans of light" variable in all wavelengths, it shows a complex and variable processes of its generation.

And what is interesting - such irregular variability of quasars Shine on time scales of less than a day indicates that the area of generation of radiation is small size comparable with the size of the Solar system. Most likely, the majority of quasars are the Central objects huge elliptical galaxies, which are their active nuclei. Indeed, for example, the Central supermassive black holes in active nuclei surrounded by accretion disks that are spawning intensive flux of radiation. Accordingly, the uptake of the matter is accompanied competing process quasar wind - plasma flow with velocities of the order of thousands of kilometers per second, which runs off in the opposite direction of the fall of matter into a black hole.

Exploring the galaxies, astronomers Norten of Filiz AK and William Nielsen Brandt of Penn state University (USA) and their colleagues cited evidence that over the last ten years in 19 remote quasars disappeared gas clouds.

Carry out gas flows easily found in a wide spectral absorption lines of electromagnetic radiation that falls to the observer from quasars. The higher the speed quasar wind, the stronger Wirayuda spectral absorption lines (line width of absorption depends on the scale of the Doppler effect).

The scientists believed that quasar wind - stationary phenomenon. This impression was due to the fact that they usually watched once, without making systematic measurements. But when in the last three years, astronomers from Pennsylvania analyzed data Kaunasskogo digital sky survey, re-examining a number of previously observed quasars was found noticeable dynamics of radiation they wind.

Information was available on 582 quasars with a wide spectral absorption lines. It turned out that 19 of them had quasar the wind still in 2009-2011 (on local calendar of the Earth), and currently a wide spectral lines are not shown. It seems that during this time quasar wind rapidly exhausted.

The results of the research are that about three percent of the investigated giants (mainly for the last three years, when there were major part of the observations) fully moved his quasar wind all excess gas from the disk around the Central black hole. It can be assumed, the researchers note that this cloud of gas (that is found around the black hole quasar) there is an average of 100 years that astronomically standards, very long. Consequently, the processes of absorption of a substance black hole is very fast and energetic - much shorter than previously thought.

Distant quasars are the most powerful glowing objects, their research will undoubtedly conceals many discoveries energy-related Ecumenical processes is incredibly powerful, rapid and volatile...