Versions of what mankind will perish, put forward a lot. The greenhouse effect, a collision with space object, changing currents of the Gulf stream and the Mayan calendar... recently added one: humanity will perish because of the disappearance of the honeybees. No one will hold pollination of crops, and in the world will come a famine. About this supposedly had warned of albert Einstein. And we went to visit a beekeeper in the third generation Andrey SHEPETKOVO, apiary which is in horticulture "Sayan dawns".

- The disappearance of the bees will not affect the production of cereals that are pollinated by the wind. But beans, tomatoes, nuts, melons, citrus fruits are under threat. Fortunately, the process of pollination conducted not only bees and bumblebees, wasps, wild bees, various bugs and even a fly. In China, farmers manually pollinating plants, for them is the norm.
Bees cause real damage uncontrolled use of pesticides and electromagnetic radiation. Earlier on field could be taken fifty bee colonies. Now the most part of crop overgrown with weeds. And those that remained, planted self-pollinating genetically modified buckwheat. The scent from these fields is, and no honey!..

- Bee bite their owners or not?
- Some say that the bee cannot know the owner, because he lives in just 20 days. Others that bees have memory at the gene level. Bees, by the way, peers mammoths and dinosaurs. As biological species them about 12 thousand years. Bee unique. It is the only insect that has a brain. Worker bees can be "taught" in the color and smell. Bee able to dance on the frame arrival or the Board, showing where and how far to fly worker bees.

- Why beehive is considered the prototype of the social cell, almost a mini-state?
- Young bee-nurse, bezbiletnaya and sterile, only works with larvae, as in the kindergarten. She polishes the cell, rams the ambrosia head. There worker bees. There are guards. Old bee-water-carriers are involved in theft attacks on other bee family, because it has nothing to lose. They even have their own prison system. But supervisors from bees, they consciousness at the gene level. Drones pollen is collected, but is fertilized the uterus. The working bee lives on average 20-25 days, uterus to six years. During one flight in the field bee pollinating to 4 thousand flowers, but the whole family - 40-60 million flowers.

- Recently beekeepers want to become many. But is it easy to do?
Without knowledge from the first time it is hardly possible to lay down a brick wall, although it also seems that there is nothing difficult. The subtleties of any case transmitted from generation to generation. True beekeeper rarely put outside all without reserve. But what you write in the modern literature and the Internet, should be checked several times.
If the bee will not like a beehive, to live it it will be not bad. We have a couple of factory hives. But bees like the old Soviet times, they have inherited from his grandfather, Fedor Prokopovich. Now make polyurethane and polystyrene hives - beautiful but impractical. There is going to moisture, and honey can sour. For hives perfect tree.

The new beehive is 7,5 thousand roubles, good family - 8-10 of thousands, and of the families have at least a dozen. Total for starting a business will require about 170 thousand. If you do not keep track and miss Roy, say, 5 thousand in the sky had flown away. Expensive equipment, flasks, magogoni. We magogoni remained from his grandfather, from food aluminum. In shops came, looked, they galvanized. Can't do that! In such containers all amino acids and vitamins will oxidize. 'll not get the honey, and poison.

- Can we consider useful honey from the bee yards, which are located within the city?
- Products of beekeeping are required to be environmentally friendly, because it is not only food, but also natural medicines. To keep the bees out of Sansoni, at least 20 km from the city, taking into account the wind rose. Those, who holds several hives in the "block" or Baikalsk, do it for sale, but not exactly. It's like willingly upload a dose of arsenic, lead, mercury.

- Methods of falsification of honey and bee products do not count. How can that be?
Now not every laboratory will identify the honey impurities. There is something, but what, specifically, is unclear. And even old-fashioned methods (chemical pencil or vinegar) useless. The course is modern chemistry - colors, flavors, syrup. Often add antibiotics. From them the honey on sugar doesn't turn sour and does not deteriorate, as it was before, and people eats it, not noticing the substitution. This product bees useful because it has no molasses, and there is a mixture of fructose and sucrose. What to do? Buy honey from trusted sellers and recommendations.
Somehow I have seen traders offering...pine honey. Insolently explained that this honey get ... flowering cedar. Or mountain honey. Why are there to collect nectar, with bare rocks? There is, however, an exception: in Abkhazia really collect so-called stone honey, sweet and hard.

- I heard that used in medicine even Podmore - dead bees.
- The dead bees that sell at high prices in the markets, not always what you want. Sometimes it contains decomposition products. For therapeutic purposes is a sample make of healthy bees, when the beekeeper freezes Roy and bees wordplays artificially. And in those that have died naturally, from a useful one chitin.
Bees are unique creatures of God, because they used everything. Matchbox wax moth, parasite living in the hive, not by accident costs 5 thousand rubles. He treats even tuberculosis. The mouse, getting into a beehive, dying of bee stings. But to make something from there they can't, and that it does not rot, bees literally filled her propolis. And mouse can be stored for centuries.

And you are using bees heal?
- Sometimes when working in the garden hurt anything, and in the house by iodine to go laziness. Then I take a bee, saguy it on the wound, grind and no suppuration. Or at night, head ache, I ask my son to go to the hive. Knock down there, a few bees will fly, he in a bag and carries me. Of course, swallow the tablet is much easier if you don't know what they're made of. By the way, beekeepers almost never thrombophlebitis: bee venom is a substance that thins the blood and the action is similar to hirudin contained in the leeches.

- Develop the most common misconception about honey.
- It is considered that it should be dissolved in boiling water or hot tea. But in hot disappear all that is valuable this product. But there are other meals can. It is therefore not worth it in the end of winter and in the spring to buy liquid transparent honey. When the winter honey gives your batch, crystallizes, sellers heats it, and sense does it honey zero. Better to store honey in glass jar or in birch-bark containers. Not in iron, galvanized or aluminum cookware and keep it on the light in the refrigerator.

Talked Oksana QUIET,
photo by author