Yesterday's conference in Geneva, where employees CERN announced the discovery of a new particle, still has not given a clear answer on long been tormented all the question: is it elusive Higgs boson, or not? Because the people who spoke, spoke only that found particle similar to the Higgs boson. Why are scientists so cautious?

It should be noted that physicists who worked on the American Collider "Tevatron" barely ahead of specialists from CERN. Yet there was a preparation for yesterday's conference at the seminar in the American National accelerator laboratory name Fermi collaboration CDF and Dzero presented the final results of the search for the Higgs boson at the proton-proton accelerator, which, as we remember, was stopped in September last year. Although most scholars have concluded that the evidence that this elusive particle was found there, not quite convincing, ignore data "Tevatron" one.

Remind: the elusive Higgs boson, which, as scientists believe, gives the rest of the particle mass, cannot be observed directly, because he quickly falls apart. Scientists have long predicted several possible variants of such a decay (more about them and about the boson read the article "Scientists were able to touch a particle of God"). American researchers have chosen to focus on the study of one of them - when the boson decays into a pair of "the b quark - antiquark b".

This way you ' catch" only "easy" variant of the Higgs boson with the weight from 100 up to 147 GeV. However, looking in other bands at "Tevatron" not enough power. Well, the Large hadron Collider, on the contrary, very bad "get" this range is due to a strong background.

So, July 2, American physicists said that the final analysis of a decade of work "Tevatron"finally completed, and the results clearly show that the Higgs boson they had found in the mass region 115-135 GeV. To discover this, scientists had to review data of five hundred trillion particle collisions. It would seem, "the Tevatron", even though already and "a dead", managed to snatch the palm in the TANK. But why the scientific world reacted to the statements of employees of the collaboration CDF and Dzero so suspicious?

The fact that all the events related to the interactions between particles, are probabilistic in nature. So important are statistical estimates - they prove that physicists are not dealing with a random fluctuation, and with a natural phenomenon. Now, by calculations of scientists, the probability that these events have no relation to the Higgs boson is one chance at 550.

The layman might seem that the probability of erroneous interpretation of these events is negligible, however, the researchers stress that the statistical significance of measurement equal to only 2.9 Sigma. This mysterious phrase is translated into ordinary language as "full confidence, no". And so she was, importance should be set at five Sigma.

However, some scientists believe that even with these values of statistical significance should recognize that "the Tevatron" unable to detect the elusive "the God particle". In particular, the Russian researcher from the Institute of high energy physics, working on the Large hadron Collider, corresponding member of RAS Sergey Denisov noted that all characteristics of the events recorded by detectors "Tevatron" same as those that would be expected in the processes with the formation of the Higgs boson. Thus, the noted scientist, obtained in experiments D0 and CDF results confirm the mechanism of formation of masses of particles in the Standard model.

However, it should be recognized that the statistics are statistics, and not to consider it cannot - especially when it comes to such ambiguous phenomena as the consequences of interactions between particles. Therefore, all the scientific community, taking note of the information provided at the seminar, was waiting for the results of CERN. However, the proceedings of the conference held in Geneva on 4 July this year a special clarity in the situation with the Higgs boson is not made.

So, the head of the CMS experiments of the Large hadron Collider Joe Incandela said that collaboration was able to detect the particle, like the Higgs boson, weighing 125 GeV. "This particle is very similar in its properties to the Higgs boson, but in some ways it is not exactly as expected... This may not be the Higgs boson Standard model, and it looks like a particle" - said the scientist.

Other reports were also very, very careful. Everywhere was said about the discovery of some previously unknown particles, with the probability of error, in the opinion of the speakers, was 0.01 percent. It was mentioned also that some parameters of the particle with those of the elusive Higgs, and some don't. Speakers emphasized that it is necessary to continue the research of a new particle: perhaps only by January next year will be able to say exactly what it is.

So what actually discovered by scientists from CERN? Why do they doubt that this particle is the Higgs boson, which for so long dreamed of all the physics of the world? About it the correspondent "Pravdino" said an employee ITEP name Alikhanov, doctor of physical-mathematical Sciences Andrey Afrikanovich Rostovtsev, who himself participated in the experiments at the LHC:

- Why such uncertainty? In fact, we can say only one thing - the detected particle is undoubtedly boson. This is evidenced from the fact that the value of his back - a whole. Then we have not a fermion and still boson. Moreover, such a boson, which scientists was not known.

But that's to say, Higgs whether it boson or some other, definitely not. As you know, the collapse of the Higgs particles can go through several channels. At CERN analyzed five channels its collapse, and everywhere received quite reliable data. But in some cases this particle decays not as it was predicted. So there are some doubts about its nature.

Well, in order to understand this, we need more experiments. They will certainly take some time, but we have it - the Collider will continue until 2020, he has but a search for the Higgs particles, and other tasks are available. So sooner or later the situation with this particle, undoubtedly, will become clear.

So, the statements of scientists were so careful because the properties of the particles found really not quite consistent with what had been predicted by theorists. On the other hand, and the latter could something be wrong. In short, much work remains. But now, scientists will be much easier - at least they know what part they will study.

However, to deny the significance of the discovery, announced at yesterday's conference, it still doesn't. As said in the conclusion of his report, Joe Incandela: "Although there is still a lot of work, this discovery is a real milestone for scientists in understanding the laws of nature"...